Operating System: Internals and Design Principles (9th Edition)

DescriptionFor one- or two-semester undergraduate courses in operating systems for computer science, computer engineering, and electrical engineering majorsAn introduction to operating systems with up-to-date and comprehensive coverageNow in its 9th Edition, Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles provides a comprehensive, unified introduction to operating systems topics aimed at computer science, computer engineering, and electrical engineering majors. Author William Stallings emphasizes both design issues and fundamental principles in contemporary systems, while providing readers with a solid understanding of the key structures and mechanisms of operating systems. He discusses design trade-offs and the practical decisions affecting design, performance and security. The text illustrates and reinforces design concepts, tying them to real-world design choices with case studies in Linux, UNIX, Android, and Windows 10.With an unparalleled degree of support for integrating projects into the course, plus comprehensive coverage of the latest trends and developments in operating systems, including cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT), the text provides everything students and instructors need to keep pace with a complex and rapidly changing field. The 9th Edition has been extensively revised and contains new material, new projects, and updated chapters.Comprehensive and updated coverage on the field operating systemsKey FeaturesREVISED! This edition was extensively reviewed by a number of professors who teach the subject and by professionals working in the field. As a result, the narrative has been clarified and tightened, and illustrations have been improved.Four operating systems serve as running examples to illustrate the concepts and to tie them to real-world design choices that must be made: Linux, UNIX, Android, and Windows 10.The book includes a number of pedagogic features, including the use of animations and videonotes and numerous figures and tables to clarify the discussion.Each chapter includes a list of keywords, review questions, and homework problems.Design concepts discussed in a given chapter are immediately reinforced with real-world examples.Running case studies, focused on how specific operating systems implement specific concepts, illustrate concepts and are embedded throughout the text, rather than assembled as a single chapter or appendix.Projects: This text provides an unparalleled degree of support for including a projects component in the course. The Instructor’s Resource Center (IRC) not only includes guidance on how to assign and structure the various projects, but also includes a set of user’s manuals for various project types plus specific assignments, all written especially for this book. Instructors can assign work in the following areas:OS/161 projectsSimulation projectsSemaphore projectsKernel projectsLinux kernel projectsAndroid kernel projectsProgramming projectsResearch projectsReading/report assignmentsWriting assignmentsDiscussion topicsNew to this EditionThis edition was extensively reviewed by a number of professors who teach the subject and by professionals working in the field. As a result, the narrative has been clarified and tightened, and illustrations have been improved.Linux coverage: The Linux material has been updated and expanded to reflect changes in the Linux kernel since the 8th Edition.Android coverage: The Android material has been updated and expanded to reflect changes in the Android kernel since the 8th Edition.Virtualization coverage: The chapter on virtual machines has been completely rewritten to provide better organization and an expanded and more up-to-date treatment. In addition, a new section has been added on the use of containers.Cloud operating systems: New to this edition is the coverage of cloud operating systems, including an overview of cloud computing, a discussion of the principles and requirements for a cloud operating system, and a discussion of a OpenStack, a popular open-source Cloud OS.IoT operating systems: New to this edition is the coverage of operating systems for the Internet of Things. The coverage includes an overview of the IoT, a discussion of the principles and requirements for an IoT operating system, and a discussion of a RIOT, a popular open-source IoT OS.Embedded operating systems: This chapter has been substantially revised and expanded, including:The section on embedded systems has been expanded and now includes discussions of microcontrollers and deeply embedded systems.The overview section on embedded OSs has been expanded and updated.The treatment of embedded Linux has been expanded, and a new discussion of a popular embedded Linux system, µClinux, has been added.Concurrency: New projects have been added to the Projects Manual to better help the student understand the principles of concurrency.Table of ContentsOnline Chapters and AppendicesVideoNotesPrefaceAbout the AuthorSection I. BackgroundComputer System OverviewBasic ElementsEvolution of the MicroprocessorInstruction ExecutionInterruptsThe Memory HierarchyCache MemoryDirect Memory AccessMultiprocessor and Multicore OrganizationKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsPerformance Characteristics of Two-Level MemoriesOperating System OverviewOperating System Objectives and FunctionsThe Evolution of Operating SystemsMajor AchievementsDevelopments Leading to Modern Operating SystemsFault ToleranceOS Design Considerations for Multiprocessor and MulticoreMicrosoft Windows OverviewTraditional Unix SystemsModern Unix SystemsLinuxAndroidKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsSection II. ProcessesProcess Description and ControlWhat is a Process?Process StatesProcess DescriptionProcess ControlExecution of the Operating SystemUnix Svr4 Process ManagementSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsThreadsProcesses and ThreadsTypes of ThreadsMulticore and MultithreadingWindows Process and Thread ManagementSolaris Thread and Smp ManagementLinux Process and Thread ManagementAndroid Process and Thread ManagementMac OS X Grand Central DispatchSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsConcurrency: Mutual Exclusion and SynchronizationMutual Exclusion: Software ApproachesPrinciples of ConcurrencyMutual Exclusion: Hardware SupportSemaphoresMonitorsMessage PassingReaders/Writers ProblemSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsConcurrency: Deadlock and StarvationPrinciples of DeadlockDeadlock PreventionDeadlock AvoidanceDeadlock DetectionAn Integrated Deadlock StrategyDining Philosophers ProblemUnix Concurrency MechanismsLinux Kernel Concurrency MechanismsSolaris Thread Synchronization PrimitivesWindows Concurrency MechanismsAndroid Interprocess CommunicationSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsSection III. MemoryMemory ManagementMemory Management RequirementsMemory PartitioningPagingSegmentationSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsLoading and LinkingVirtual MemoryHardware and Control StructuresOperating System SoftwareUnix and Solaris Memory ManagementLinux Memory ManagementWindows Memory ManagementAndroid Memory ManagementSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsSection IV. SchedulingUniprocessor SchedulingTypes of Processor SchedulingScheduling AlgorithmsTraditional Unix SchedulingSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsMultiprocessor, Multicore, and Real-Time SchedulingMultiprocessor and Multicore SchedulingReal-Time SchedulingLinux SchedulingUnix Svr4 SchedulingUnix Freebsd SchedulingWindows SchedulingSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsSection V. Input/Output and FilesI/O Management and Disk SchedulingI/O DevicesOrganization of the I/O FunctionOperating System Design IssuesI/O BufferingDisk SchedulingRaidDisk CacheUnix Svr4 I/OLinux I/OWindows I/OSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsFile ManagementOverviewFile Organization and AccessB-TreesFile DirectoriesFile SharingRecord BlockingSecondary Storage ManagementUnix File ManagementLinux Virtual File SystemWindows File SystemAndroid File ManagementSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsSection VI. Embedded SystemsEmbedded Operating SystemsEmbedded SystemsCharacteristics of Embedded Operating SystemsEmbedded LinuxTinyosKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsVirtual MachinesVirtual Machine ConceptsHypervisorsContainer VirtualizationProcessor IssuesMemory ManagementI/O ManagementVmware EsxiMicrosoft Hyper-V and Xen VariantsJava VmLinux Vserver Virtual Machine ArchitectureSummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsOperating System SecurityIntruders and Malicious SoftwareBuffer OverflowAccess ControlUnix Access ControlOperating Systems HardeningSecurity MaintenanceWindows SecuritySummaryKey Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsCloud and IoT Operating SystemsCloud ComputingCloud Operating SystemsThe Internet of ThingsIoT Operating SystemsKey Terms and Review QuestionsAppendix A. Topics in ConcurrencyAppendix B. Programming and Operating System ProjectsReferencesCreditsIndexAuthor BiographyDr. William Stallings has authored 18 titles, and including the revised editions, over 40 books on computer security, computer networking, and computer architecture. His writings have appeared in numerous publications, including the Proceedings of the IEEE, ACM Computing Reviews and Cryptologia. He has received the Best Computer Science textbook of the Year award 13 times from the Text and Academic Authors Association.In over 30 years in the field, he has been a technical contributor, technical manager, and an executive with several high-technology firms. He has designed and implemented both TCP/IP-based and OSI-based protocol suites on a variety of computers and operating systems, ranging from microcomputers to mainframes. As a consultant, he has advised government agencies, computer and software vendors, and major users on the design, selection, and use of networking software and products.